Theo Todman's Web Page - Notes Pages

• Relevant Works cited above:
  1. "Wikipedia - Dizygotic (fraternal) twins", 2023, External Link, Read = 50%
  2. "Wikipedia - Monozygotic (identical) twins", 2023, External Link, Read = 50%
• For a Page of Links¹⁶ to this Note, Click here. To restrict the number of irrelevancies, this list excludes “twin”.
• Works on this topic that I’ve actually read¹⁷, include the following:-
  • Aeon:
    1. "Spinney (Laura) - The twin boom", 2016, External Link
  • General:
    1. "Baker (Lynne Rudder) - Embryos and Stem­Cell Research", 2006, External Link, Internal PDF Link
    2. "Feldman (Fred) - The Enigma of Death", 1992
    3. "Kazez (Jean) - Life Doesn't Begin at Conception", 2017, External Link, Internal PDF Link
    4. "Kazez (Jean) - The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children", 2017
    5. "Lockwood (Michael) - When Does a Life Begin?", 1987, Annotations
    6. "Shoemaker (David) - Personal Identity, Rational Anticipation, and Self-Concern", 2009
• A further reading list might start with:-
  • General:
    1. "Barilan (Y. Michael) - One or Two: An Examination of the Recent Case of the Conjoined Twins from Malta", 2003, Internal PDF Link
    2. "Brill (H. Skott) - The Future-Like-Ours Argument, Personal Identity, and the Twinning Dilemma", 2003, Internal PDF Link
    3. "Campbell (Tim) & McMahan (Jeff) - Animalism and the Varieties of Conjoined Twinning", 2016, Read = 40%
    4. "Damschen (Gregor), Gomez-Lobo (Alfonso) & Schonecker (Dieter) - Sixteen Days? A Reply to B. Smith and B. Brogaard on the Beginning of Human Individuals", 2006, External Link, Internal PDF Link, Read = 22%
    5. "Ford (Norman) - Implantation and the Beginning of a Human Individual", 1988
    6. "Howsepian (Avak Albert) - Lockwood on human identity and the primitive streak", 1997, Internal PDF Link, Read = 17%
    7. "Howsepian (Avak Albert) - Who or What Are We?", 1992, Internal PDF Link, Read = 6%
    8. "Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.) - Conjoined Twins and the Biological Account of Personal Identity", 2006, Internal PDF Link, Read = 11%
    9. "Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.) - Totipotency, Twinning, and Ensoulment at Fertilization", 2006, Internal PDF Link
    10. "Liao (S. Matthew) - Twinning, Inorganic Replacement, and the Organism View", 2010, Internal PDF Link, Read = 11%
    11. "Olson (Eric) - The Metaphysical Implications of Conjoined Twining", 2014, External Link, Internal PDF Link, Read = 17%
    12. "Savitt (Steven) - Notes on Adams 'Primitive Thisness and Primitive Identity'", Undated, Internal PDF Link, Read = 17%
    13. "Shoemaker (Sydney) - Brown-Brownson Revisited", 2004, Internal PDF Link
    14. "Smith (Barry) & Brogaard (Berit) - Sixteen Days", 2003, External Link, Internal PDF Link, Read = 7%
    15. "Steinhart (Eric) - Indiscernible Persons", 2002, Internal PDF Link
    16. "Tollefsen (Christopher) - Embryos, Individuals, and Persons: An Argument Against Embryo Creation and Research", 2001, Internal PDF Link
    17. "Wikipedia - Dizygotic (fraternal) twins", 2023, External Link, Read = 50%
    18. "Wikipedia - Monozygotic (identical) twins", 2023, External Link, Read = 50%
    19. "Wikipedia - Twin", 2023, External Link, Read = 10%
• For further papers held on-line of potential interest, follow this Link¹⁸. Total papers = 3.

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• For a list of Works that have been considered, but have missed the cut for inclusion in this Section of my Thesis, see the following:-
  1. Read: No items to list.
  2. Further Reading: No items to list.
• This is mostly a place-holder¹⁹.

Table of the Previous 6 Versions of this Note:

Summary of Notes Referenced by This Note

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Summary of Notes Citing This Note

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Authors, Books & Papers Citing this Note

Author	Title	Medium	Extra Links	Read?
Anscombe (G.E.M.)	Were You a Zygote?	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10	Yes
Aydede (Murat)	Has Fodor Really Changed His Mind on Narrow Content?	Paper
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	Embryos and Stem­Cell Research	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5	Yes
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	When Do Persons Begin and End?	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5	Yes
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	When Does a Person Begin?	Paper
Barilan (Y. Michael)	One or Two: An Examination of the Recent Case of the Conjoined Twins from Malta	Paper
Bee (Helen)	The Developing Child	Book
Blatti (Stephan)	Animalism and its Implications	Paper		Yes
Blatti (Stephan)	Animalism, Dicephalus, and Borderline Cases	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6	Yes
Blatti (Stephan), Ed.	The Lives of Human Animals	Paper		Yes
Campbell (Tim) & McMahan (Jeff)	Animalism and the Varieties of Conjoined Twinning	Paper
Clark (Andy) & Kuhn (Robert Lawrence)	Aeon: Video - Andy Clark - Virtual immortality	Paper		Yes
Crane (Tim)	All the Difference in the World	Paper
DeGrazia (David)	Human Identity and Bioethics: Introduction	Paper		Yes
Feldman (Fred)	A Materialist Conception of Death	Paper		Yes
Feldman (Fred)	The Enigma of Death	Paper	2	Yes
Ford (Norman)	Fertilization and the Beginning of a Human Individual	Paper
Ford (Norman)	Implantation and the Beginning of a Human Individual	Paper
Hains (Brigid) & Hains (Paul)	Aeon: 2019+	Paper		Yes
Hartl (Daniel L.)	Our Uncertain Heritage: Genetics & Human Diversity	Book	2
Hershenov (David)	Countering the Appeal of the Psychological Approach to Personal Identity	Paper	2	Yes
Hershenov (David)	Problems with a Constitution Account of Persons	Paper	2
Hershenov (David)	Shoemaker's Problem of Too Many Thinkers	Paper
Hershenov (David) & Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.)	Anscombe on Embryos and Persons	Paper	2, 3, 4
Hershenov (David) & Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.)	Fission and Confusion	Paper
Howsepian (Avak Albert)	Lockwood on human identity and the primitive streak	Paper
Howsepian (Avak Albert)	Who or What Are We?	Paper
Kazez (Jean)	Life Doesn't Begin at Conception	Paper	2, 3	Yes
Kazez (Jean)	The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5	Yes
Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.)	Conjoined Twins and the Biological Account of Personal Identity	Paper	2, 3, 4
Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.)	Totipotency, Twinning, and Ensoulment at Fertilization	Paper	2
LaPorte (Joseph)	In search of pigeonholes	Paper
Liao (S. Matthew)	The Organism View Defended	Paper	2	Yes
Lockwood (Michael)	When Does a Life Begin?	Paper		Yes
Marshall (Richard) & Olson (Eric)	Eric T. Olson: The Philosopher with No Hands	Paper		Yes
Oderberg (David)	The Metaphysical Status of the Embryo: Some Arguments Revisited	Paper
Olson (Eric)	The Metaphysical Implications of Conjoined Twining	Paper
Olson (Eric)	What Are We? Animals	Paper
Savitt (Steven)	Notes on Adams 'Primitive Thisness and Primitive Identity'	Paper
Shoemaker (David)	Personal Identity and Ethics - Introduction	Paper	2, 3	Yes
Shoemaker (David)	Personal Identity and Immortality	Paper		Yes
Shoemaker (David)	Personal Identity, Rational Anticipation, and Self-Concern	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8	Yes
Shoemaker (Sydney)	Brown-Brownson Revisited	Paper
Sklar (Lawrence)	Types of Inter-Theoretic Reduction	Paper
Smith (Anthony)	The Body	Book
Smith (Barry) & Brogaard (Berit)	Sixteen Days	Paper
Snowdon (Paul)	Animalism and the Unity of Consciousness	Paper	2
Spinney (Laura)	The twin boom	Paper		Yes
Steinhart (Eric)	Indiscernible Persons	Paper
Thomas (Janice L.)	Criticisms of dualism: is substance dualism tenable?	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 06 (Animalism and Arguments for It)	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 08 (Arguments against Animalism)	Paper	2, 3	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chapter 10 (Thought Experiments)	Paper	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Chimera	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Dicephalus	Paper	2	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Fusion	Paper	2	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Origins	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Reduplication Objections	Paper		Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Zygote	Paper		Yes
Tollefsen (Christopher)	Embryos, Individuals, and Persons: An Argument Against Embryo Creation and Research	Paper
Wilson (Jack)	Beyond Horses and Oak Trees: A New Theory of Individuation for Living Entities	Paper	2	Yes

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References & Reading List

Author	Title	Medium	Source	Read?
Anscombe (G.E.M.)	Were You a Zygote?	Paper - Referencing	Anscombe (G.E.M) - Human Life, Action and Ethics	Yes
Anscombe (G.E.M.), Geach (Mary), Gormally (Luke), Eds.	Human Life, Action and Ethics	Book - Referencing (via Paper Referencing)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	10%
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	Embryos and Stem­Cell Research	Paper - Cited	UMass Magazine, Spring 2006	Yes
Baker (Lynne Rudder)	When Do Persons Begin and End?	Paper - Referencing	Distinguished Faculty Lecture, December 5, 2005	Yes
Barilan (Y. Michael)	One or Two: An Examination of the Recent Case of the Conjoined Twins from Malta	Paper - Cited	Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, Feb. 2003, 28.1, pp. 27-44	No
Blatti (Stephan) & Snowdon (Paul), Eds.	Animalism: New Essays on Persons, Animals, and Identity	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	22%
Borowski (E.J.)	Diachronic Identity as Relative Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 100, Jul., 1975, pp. 271-276	No
Brill (H. Skott)	The Future-Like-Ours Argument, Personal Identity, and the Twinning Dilemma	Paper - Cited	Social Theory & Practice, Jul2003, Vol. 29 Issue 3, p419-430, 12p;	No
Campbell (Tim) & McMahan (Jeff)	Animalism and the Varieties of Conjoined Twinning	Paper - Cited	Blatti & Snowdon - Animalism: New Essays on Persons, Animals, and Identity, 2016: Part III, Chapter 11, pp. 229-252	40%
Damschen (Gregor), Gomez-Lobo (Alfonso) & Schonecker (Dieter)	Sixteen Days? A Reply to B. Smith and B. Brogaard on the Beginning of Human Individuals	Paper - By Subtopic	Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, Apr. 2006, 31.2, pp. 165-175	22%
Feldman (Fred)	Confrontations with the Reaper: A Philosophical Study of the Nature and Value of Death	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Feldman (Fred)	The Enigma of Death	Paper - Cited	Feldman - Confrontations with the Reaper, Chapter 4	Yes
Ford (Norman)	Implantation and the Beginning of a Human Individual	Paper - By Subtopic	Norman Ford - When Did I Begin, 1988, Chapter 5	No
Ford (Norman)	When Did I Begin: Conception of the Human Individual in History, Philosophy and Science	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Ford (Norman) - When Did I Begin: Conception of the Human Individual in History, Philosophy and Science	3%
Hains (Brigid) & Hains (Paul)	Aeon: Q-S	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Hains (Brigid) & Hains (Paul) - Aeon: Q-S	30%
Heythrop Student	Seminar Paper: Philosophy of Religion - Divine Providence - The Molinist Account	Paper - By Subtopic	Seminar Hand-out, 2010	33%
Kazez (Jean)	Life Doesn't Begin at Conception	Paper - Cited	The Philosophers' Magazine, 3rd November 2017	Yes
Kazez (Jean)	Life Doesn't Begin at Conception	Paper - Referencing	The Philosophers' Magazine, 3rd November 2017	Yes
Kazez (Jean)	The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Kazez (Jean)	The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Book - Referencing (via Paper Referencing)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Kazez (Jean)	The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Paper - Cited	Kazez (Jean) - The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Yes
Kazez (Jean)	The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Paper - Referencing	Kazez (Jean) - The Philosophical Parent: Asking the Hard Questions About Having and Raising Children	Yes
Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.)	Conjoined Twins and the Biological Account of Personal Identity	Paper - By Subtopic	The Monist, Vol. 89, No. 3, Coming into Being and Passing Away (July 2006), pp. 351-370	11%
Koch-Hershenov (Rose J.)	Totipotency, Twinning, and Ensoulment at Fertilization	Paper - By Subtopic	Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, Apr. 2006, 31.2, pp. 139-164	No
Liao (S. Matthew)	The Organism View Defended	Paper - Referencing	The Monist, Vol. 89, No. 3, Coming into Being and Passing Away (July 2006), pp. 334-350	Yes
Liao (S. Matthew)	Twinning, Inorganic Replacement, and the Organism View	Paper - By Subtopic	Ratio, 4th January 2010	11%
Lockwood (Michael)	When Does a Life Begin?	Paper - Cited	Lockwood - Moral Dilemmas in Modern Medicine, 1987	Yes
Lockwood (Michael)	When Does a Life Begin?	Paper - Referencing	Lockwood - Moral Dilemmas in Modern Medicine, 1987	Yes
Lockwood (Michael), Ed.	Moral Dilemmas in Modern Medicine	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	29%
Lockwood (Michael), Ed.	Moral Dilemmas in Modern Medicine	Book - Referencing (via Paper Referencing)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	29%
Marshall (Richard)	Philosophy at 3:AM: Questions and Answers with 25 Top Philosophers	Book - Referencing (via Paper Referencing)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	37%
Marshall (Richard) & Olson (Eric)	Eric T. Olson: The Philosopher with No Hands	Paper - Referencing	Marshall (Richard) - Philosophy at 3:AM: Questions and Answers with 25 Top Philosophers	Yes
Olson (Eric)	Papers on Identity Boxes: Vol 13 (Olson)	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Olson (Eric) - Papers on Identity Boxes: Vol 13 (Olson)	16%
Olson (Eric)	The Metaphysical Implications of Conjoined Twining	Paper - By Subtopic	Southern Journal of Philosophy 52, Spindel Supplement, 2014: 24-40	17%
Olson (Eric)	What are We? A Study of Personal Ontology	Book - Referencing (via Paper Referencing)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	99%
Olson (Eric)	What Are We? Animals	Paper - Referencing	What Are We? A Study in Personal Ontology, Chapter 2 (November 2007: Oxford University Press.)	81%
Sacks (Oliver)	The Man who Mistook his Wife for a Hat	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Sacks (Oliver) - The Man who Mistook his Wife for a Hat	7%
Sacks (Oliver)	The Twins	Paper - By Subtopic	Sacks - The Man who Mistook his Wife for a Hat, Part 4 (The World of the Simple), Chapter 23	No
Shoemaker (David)	Personal Identity and Ethics: A Brief Introduction	Book - Cited (via Paper Cited)	Bibliographical details to be supplied	Yes
Shoemaker (David)	Personal Identity, Rational Anticipation, and Self-Concern	Paper - Cited	Shoemaker (David) - Personal Identity and Ethics: A Brief Introduction, 2009, Chapter 2	Yes
Smith (Barry) & Brogaard (Berit)	Sixteen Days	Paper - By Subtopic	Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, Feb. 2003, 28.1, pp. 45-78	7%
Spinney (Laura)	The twin boom	Paper - Cited	Aeon, 18 August 2016	Yes
Spinney (Laura)	The twin boom	Paper - Referencing	Aeon, 18 August 2016	Yes
Suchow (Jordan)	Haven’t we met before? On doppelgängers and perception	Paper - By Subtopic	Aeon, 09 May, 2018	Yes
Todman (Theo)	Thesis - Twinning	Paper - By Subtopic		Yes
Tollefsen (Christopher)	Embryos, Individuals, and Persons: An Argument Against Embryo Creation and Research	Paper - By Subtopic	Journal of Applied Philosophy; Apr2001, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p65, 14p	No
Vardy (Peter)	Heythrop MA Philosophy of Religion Lectures	Book - By Subtopic (via Paper By Subtopic)	Vardy (Peter) - Heythrop MA Philosophy of Religion Lectures	93%
Wikipedia	Dizygotic (fraternal) twins	Paper - Cited	Wikipedia; Extract taken 22 May 2023	No
Wikipedia	Monozygotic (identical) twins	Paper - Cited	Wikipedia; Extract taken 22 May 2023	No
Wikipedia	Twin	Paper - By Subtopic	Wikipedia; Extract taken 22 May 2023	10%

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1. Blue: Text by me; © Theo Todman, 2023